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Systems found on communal grasslands where the climate is too dry, hot, or cold to support crops. Animals are mobile and generally low productivity, with herders moving their animals according to the season, resource availability, and market access.

Commercially oriented systems found in temperate-to-cold, naturally occurring grasslands. Generally managed as ranches with privately-owned land, these systems vary widely in terms of specialization and intensification and may also produce crops.

Commercially oriented systems established on land that has been converted from natural vegetation (forest) to pasture. The low productivity of land and animals often limits productivity.

Mixed crop-livestock systems found in regions with seasonal rainfall, generally subsistence-oriented, and low productivity. Livestock play an important role by providing a range of goods and services such as food, manure for crop production, draft power, and capital assets.

Mixed crop-livestock systems characterized by high integration of livestock, crops, and often aquaculture. These systems are found in areas where high rainfall supports both crops and livestock and typically produce for both the household and market.

Highly specialized systems found mostly in middle-to high-income countries. Common features include high productivity animals, industrial management, and sourcing of feed produced off-farm.